Abstract:

Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is a subset of cryptogenic stroke. Recurrence rates are high following ESUS and the optimal treatment to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke depends on the pathophysiology of the index stroke. Because of the composition of emboli, anticoagulants may be a better treatment option than antiplatelet therapy in secondary stroke prevention. This article reviews recent and ongoing clinical trials evaluating antithrombotic treatments in the setting of ESUS, examines differences among the trials, and discusses the implications of anticoagulation in ESUS.

Acknowledgements: The editorial assistance of Thistle Editorial, LLC in the preparation of this article is acknowledged with thanks.

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